From 3e3b9eebf871510aee36c3a3336faac2f38c9559 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Date: Mon, 7 Apr 2025 15:30:43 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] BUG/MEDIUM: sample: fix risk of overflow when replacing
 multiple regex back-refs

Aleandro Prudenzano of Doyensec and Edoardo Geraci of Codean Labs
reported a bug in sample_conv_regsub(), which can cause replacements
of multiple back-references to overflow the temporary trash buffer.

The problem happens when doing "regsub(match,replacement,g)": we're
replacing every occurrence of "match" with "replacement" in the input
sample, which requires a length check. For this, a max is applied, so
that a replacement may not use more than the remaining length in the
buffer. However, the length check is made on the replaced pattern and
not on the temporary buffer used to carry the new string. This results
in the remaining size to be usable for each input match, which can go
beyond the temporary buffer size if more than one occurrence has to be
replaced with something that's larger than the remaining room.

The fix proposed by Aleandro and Edoardo is the correct one (check on
"trash" not "output"), and is the one implemented in this patch.

While it is very unlikely that a config will replace multiple short
patterns each with a larger one in a request, this possibility cannot
be entirely ruled out (e.g. mask a known, short IP address using
"XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX").  However when this happens, the replacement pattern
will be static, and not be user-controlled, which is why this patch is
marked as medium.

The bug was introduced in 2.2 with commit 07e1e3c93e ("MINOR: sample:
regsub now supports backreferences"), so it must be backported to all
versions.

Special thanks go to Aleandro and Edoardo for reporting this bug with
a simple reproducer and a fix.

Conflict: NA
Reference: https://github.com/haproxy/haproxy/commit/3e3b9eebf871510aee36c3a3336faac2f38c9559
---
 src/sample.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/sample.c b/src/sample.c
index 1e2ff7d2ee8e8..980c27cb6a507 100644
--- a/src/sample.c
+++ b/src/sample.c
@@ -3168,7 +3168,7 @@ static int sample_conv_regsub(const struct arg *arg_p, struct sample *smp, void
 		output->data = exp_replace(output->area, output->size, start, arg_p[1].data.str.area, pmatch);
 
 		/* replace the matching part */
-		max = output->size - output->data;
+		max = trash->size - trash->data;
 		if (max) {
 			if (max > output->data)
 				max = output->data;
